Understanding Interest Rates Fluctuations
Everyone has heard about historically low rates. But why are the rates so low and how do they fluctuate? If you’re keeping an eye on the housing market, possibly because you’re looking to buy, sell, or refinance, you’re aware that mortgage interest rates can fluctuate daily. There are many factors that cause rates to go up or down. If you’re able to watch these factors, you’ll be one step ahead when it comes to knowing the activity of interest rates.
The state of the nation’s economy is the biggest factor in determining interest rates, which are regulated and set (in the short term) by the Federal Reserve as a means of maintaining stability. The rates being manipulated by the Fed are those that banks charge from each other when money is borrowed; this rate change then passes down to the businesses and individuals who receive loans from the banks.
Generally, rates go up when the economy is doing well—when unemployment is low, businesses are doing well, and people are buying more. This is done in order to limit borrowing and keep the economy from growing too quickly, which tends to result in price inflation. Conversely, rates go down when the economy is doing more poorly, in order to stimulate consumers to borrow and spend, which will hopefully give the economy a boost. Some international economic situations may also affect national interest rates—recent debt crises in Europe, for example, or concerns in the oil-producing nations of the Middle East, can cause rates to rise or fall despite the domestic outlook.
A smart market observer will learn the many different types of situations that can affect the economy, and will act accordingly in terms of how they invest. The simple rule to remember is that borrowing when rates are high will leave you paying a lot more on interest.


